Dishwashing machine



April 13, l939 T. E. D. BILDE l 2,154,559

DI SHWASHING MACHINE April 18, 1939. T. E. D. BILDE y 2,154,559

DIsHwAsHING MACHINE Filed oct. 22, 1934 9 sheets-snm 2 April 18, 1939- E. D. BILDE k2,154,559

DISHWASHING MACHINE Tama In @dde April 1,8, 1939.

T. E. D. BILDE DISHWASHING MACHINE Filed oqt. 22, 1934 9 Sheets-Sheet 4 T. E. D. BILDE ,DISHWASHING MACHINE April 18, 1939.

Filed oct. 22, 1934 9 sheets-sheet 5 April 18, 1939.

DI SHWASHING MACHINE Filed 00;. 22, 1934 9 sheets-sheer s April 18, 1939. T. E. D. B|LDE DISHWASHI-#G MACHINE Filed Oct. 22, 1934 9 Sheets-Sheet 7 mn ww April 18, 1939. T. EQD. BILDE 2,154,559

DISHWASHIN'G MACHINE Filed Oct. 22, 1934 9 Sheets-Sheet 8 April 18, l939- 5 T.E.`D. BILDE 2,154,559

DI SHWASHING MACHINE y Fuga oct. 22, 19:54 slsheefs-'sheet 9 Patented Apr. 1s,v 1939 nIsnwAsmNG moms .Tord Erik Daniel Bilde, Stockholm, Sweden. alsignor to Bolindersl Fabriks Aktiebolag, Stockholm, Sweden, a. corporation of Sweden Application october 22,1934, serial No. 149,456 In Sweden October 23, 1933 Claims- My present invention relates to dish washing machines and more particularly to machines of i f this type having in addition to a spraying device ior washing the dishes means for rinsing the 5 dishes after the /washing operation is completed.

The principal object of'my invention is to provide a machine of this type in which during the washing operation the dishes are exposed to the action of jets of washing liquid performing an `10 millating motion during the washing operation and spraying the dishes simultaneously from two diiferent directions, e. g. from two opposite sides.

In the'followlng speciiication and claims except as otherwise limited the expression oscillatory 1s is meant to comprise 'all movements to and fro from one position to another, independent o f said movement being a swinging movement around an axis `or a rectilinear reciprocating movement.

Another object of my invention is to provide zo a machine of the type described in which spraying of dishes in a rectangular or square basket,

box or the like may be eiiected by oscillatoryor reciprocating Jets of washing liquid of the above said character' with a. minimum of angular movei g5 ment of the spraying device or nozzles of said device or deilecting members provided within or at said nozzles in which latter case the spraying device carrying said nozzles may be stationary, wholly or in part. A further object of my invention is to provide a machine of the type described in which said oscillating or reciprocating swinging jets of washlng liquidare effected by impartingl a corresponding motion to a movable spraying device, or by 35 the provision within or outside the nozzles of rockable deilecting members so shaped and jour- `nailed as to cause the jet. passing through the nozzle to be distributed broken or deflected in such a manner as'to impart to the jet the desired 40 motion. The swinging motion of the spraying device or deilector may be imparted to said device or deiiector in a mechanicalway, e. g, by connecting same with a driving member, for instance with an electric motor driving a pump for the circulation of the washing liquid or with the shaft of said pump, or in a hydraulic way by utilizing the reactive force of a jet of washing liquid having a direction inclined to that of the desired m0- tionor in any suitable manner. i

` w, A sun further object of my invention is to provide a machine of the type described in which a spraying device adapted to perform a motion of the character described is rigidly connected with the casing of a pump for the circulation of the.

5g washing liquid, said pump partaking in the motion of the vspraying device, thereby avoiding all kinds of movable packings.

A. still further object of my invention isto provide a machine of the type described' having a rack for the dishes permitting dishes, e. g., plates 5 or similar objects, to be easily placed therein without requiring any tedious tting of the dishes 'into the rack while simultaneously being sufiiciently resilient to avoid any risk of the dishes being damaged, when they are placed in position. A

A still further object of my invention is to provide a machine of the type described having a casing shaped mainly as a parallelepiped and a spraying device arranged within said casing in l5 such a manner as to leave greatest possible space free for the dishes to be-A washed in order to provide a machine having a greatcapacity in relation to its dimensions. To this iend vthe spraying device whichmay be rigid or movable ilany suitable manner, performing for instance an oscillatory motion during operation. may be mainly enclosed within the casing and comprise a spraying member on at least two sides of thespace to be occupied by the dishes, e. g., one spraying member above and. another below said space, thev spraying members being arranged on two sides of an opening in the machine casing serving for the introduction and removal of the dishes.'

My invention also comprises improvements in dish washing and rinsing machineage. g., with regard to then utilization ofthe machine casing, the mounting of an electric motor for driving the circulation pump, the structure of the machine casing in view of a simple and cheap manufacture a5 thereof,v straining means for collecting the waste from the dishes, manuvring means for the electric motor, the circulation pump, a shutter or blindfor the spraying compartment. etc., connecting means between the circulation pump and 4o another pump for a rinsing liquid and inr many other respects, all said objects being apparent from the following description, reference being made to the accompanying drawings in which several embodiments of my invention are shown by way of example."

In the drawings forming part of my specification:

Fig. l4 is -an external perspective view oi.' a dish washing machine according to a rst emso bodiment of my invention;

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional chine; A

Fig. 3 is a'section along the line 3--3 in Fig. 2, the electric motor being omitted;

view of the ma- Fig. 4 is a plan view on an enlarged scale of Va jet change-over device for reversing the movement of the spraying device;

Fig. 5 is a side view of said change-over de, vice;

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view of the machine taken on a plane perpendicular to the sectional plane of Fig. 2;

Fig. '7 is Aa vertical sectional view on an enlarged scale of the electric motor and mounting means for same;

Fig. 8 is a vertical sectional view on an enlarged scale of the circulation pump, the rinsing pump and appurtenant parts;

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a dish basket according to my invention;

Fig. 10 is a view of a rack for the dishes according to my invention;

Fig. 11 is a horizontal sectional view on an enlarged scale of a blind for closing the opening of the spraying compartment;

Fig, 12 is a longitudinal sectional view of part of a sprayer;

Fig. 13 is a cross sectional view on an enlarged scale of a suitable nozzle, especially for the rinsing iquid;

Fig. 14 is a plan view of a coupling member for the rinsing liquid pump;

Fig. 15 is a modification of Fig. 1;,

Fig. 16 is a modification of part of Fig. 3;

Fig. 17 is a vertical sectional view of a dish washing and rinsing machine according to a second embodiment of my invention;

Fig. 18 is an elevation of this machine;

Figs. 19 and 20 are front View and sectional view, respectively, on an enlarged scaleof a jet fange-over device for reversing the movement of tie spraying device as applied to this embodimen Fig. 21 is a vertical sectional View on an enlarge@ scale of means to operate a shutter for the opening in the spraying compartment as applied to this embodiment;

Fig. 22 is an external perspective view of a dish washing machine according to a third embodiment of my invention;

Fig. 23 shows a modification of Fig. 22;

Fig. 24 is a view partly in section of a dish washing machine according to a fourth embodiment of my invention;

Fig. 25 is a View similar to Fig. 24 of a fifth embodiment of the machine;

Figs. 26 and 27 show a jet deector applied to the last-mentioned embodiment in cross` section and partial elevation, respectively; l

Fig, 28 is an external perspective view of a modification of Fig. 1;

Fig. 29 is a vertical sectional modification of Fig. 1;

Fig. 30 is an external `perspective view similar to Fig. 1 of a sixth embodiment of my invention, the machine casing being partly broken away to show the spraying device.

According to the embodiment orf my invention illustrated in Figs. 1 to 8, inclusive, the dish washing machine comprises a casing including a shell, e. g. of square cross section and preferably of sheet iron, said shell forming vertical front, rear andside walls 30, preferably formed integrally with one another. At its top the shell is closed by a cover 3| secured to the shell in any suitable manner as by soldering, welding or the like, e. g. by means of a rim 32 overlapping the upper edge of the shell. At its bottom the shell is closed by a bottom portion forming a receptacle view of another 33 removably connected to the shell in order to 1 tical walls 30. The receptacle 33 may be pro 10 vided with feet 36 to support the machine.

The cover 3| is provided with a pressed-up portion 40 and the receptacle 33 with a depressed portion 4|, said portions extending from a point at a certain distance from the front wall of the shell 30 backwards substantially to the rear wall thereof, the remaining portion of the coverand the receptacle inclining from said pressed-up or depressed portion, respectively, towards the outer edges. The cover 3| with its pressed-up portion 40 and the receptacle 33 with its depressed portion 4| are of substantially the same shape so that these parts can be manufactured by one and the same pressing tool, thus facilitating mass production of the machine.

Provided in the pressed-up portion 4U of the cover 3| is an opening 42 (see especially Fig. '7) and inserted in said opening is a housing 43 resting with a shoulder 44 on portion 40 and covered by a lid 45, said housing 43 serving as a protecting casing for an electric motor 46 as will be described vlater on. Y

Provided near the bottom end of the shell 3l is a transverse partition 50 secured to the shell in any suitable manner as by soldering, welding or the like and serving to stay the shell walls 30 laterally. By the above-said housing 43 and by this partition 50 the machine casing is divided into three compartments, viz. the motor compartment 31, the spraying compartment 33 and the washing liquid compartment 39. Evidently, thel partition 50 may be removably connected with the machine casing in which case the receptacle may be rigidly secured thereto but the structure shown is preferred.

The partition 50 is provided with a preferably central opening 5| and is inclined from its edges somewhat towards said opening. 'I'he opening 5| has a countersunk edge portion 52 and resting in said portion is a strainer plate 53 provided with a handle 54 to facilitate its removal for cleansing purposes. Further the partition 53 is provided with a hole 55, said hole being located right below the opening 42 in the cover 3| and serving to take up a pump 56 or the driving shaft thereof. The pump 55 has an inlet 51 protruding into the depressed portion 4| and the washpump and appurtenant means at a relatively lowv level and in causing the washing liquid to flow rapidly towards the inlet 51 of the pump 55.

At its lowest level the receptacle 33 is provided with an outlet 53 (see especially Flgs.'2 and 3).

An over-flow pipe 53 from said receptacle 33 communicates with said outlet 53 and is together with the outlet controlled by a three-way cock 33 adapted to connect the outlet pipe 53 or the overflow pipe 55 with a discharge pipe 5|.

Extending along the opposite side walls of the i or the like, the spirals being in suchcase secured shell 3l are two bars I4 (see especially Figs. 3. 3 and 6) having legs Il secured to the partition Il as by screws lt, said bars Il serving to support a basket 61 or the like for taking up the dishes.

As shown in Fig. 9 illustrating a perspective view of the basket 61 on a somewhat diminished scale said basket comprises a square or rectangular frame, preferably made of metallic network. and two wire spirals 0l stretched between two opposite sides ofl said frame substantially on the same level, the coils being spaced apart so as to permit insertion of dishes between adjacent coils.

This basket forms a suitable rack for supporting plates or similar objects. as such objects need only be moved downwardly into the basket towards the spirals to engage spaces between adjacent coils and to be reliably retained in podtion without any risk of tilting. Further the wire spirals are resilient so as to eliminate any risk of the objects being damaged. .4

I can use one or more wire spirals of the type described without combining same with a basket to suitable supports or to opposed wallsV of the machine casing. In order to attain a rmer clamping of the plates or the like between two adjacent coils'I may wind the wire in such'manner that the coils form an angle to the longitudinal axis of the spiral as shown in Fig. 10. By using a wire of sufilciently great diameter and'by winding the wire into a spiral of transversely elongated cross section. required firmness may be given to the spiral.

Provided in the front wall of the shell is an opening 10 (see especially Figs. 2 and 8) .preferably of rectangular shape, for the introduction and removal of the basket i1 or the dishes or both. Preferably the height of this opening is greater than the vertical distance between the upper border thereof and the upper edge'of the front shell wall and is also greater than the vertical distance between the lower border of the. opening and the loweredge of the wall. During operation this opening 1li is held closed in any suitable manner as for instance by a blind 'Il made from a flexible material, e. g. Celluloid, thin sheet metal or the like, or compod ofl inter elements so as to be capable of being displaced to .open or shut the opening 10,. As clearly shown in Fig. l1 this blind fil may consist of a plurality of relatively narrow strips 12 of sheet material, e. g. Bakelite, metal or the like having'a somewhat greater longitudinal extension than the height or the width of the opening III depending on whether the blind is to be displaced laterally or vertically. In the embodiment shown the blind is` adapted to be displaced laterally, and, consequently, the strips I2 are disposed vertically. The strips 12 may be in direct and pivotal engagement with `each other, each of the strips being bent to form a groove Il along one of its longitudinal edges and a flange 'Il along the other longitudinal edge adapted to engage the groove of the adjacent strip. Strips having engaging edges of this type may be manusome distance from the sharp corners.

movement. As shown in Fig. li this stop pin Il may be secured to a'separate strip 11 connected to the blind and preferably made from sheet metal. e. g. iron, said strip in the closed position of the blind projecting beyond and providing a tight fit against the edge of the opening- 1li. When the shell 30 is made from one integral sheet iron plate as is the case in the embodiment referred to. the corner of the shell may be rounded so as to cause the blind to follow thewalls of the shell also at said corners. When, on the other hand, the shell is composed of separate walls connected with each other as by corner angles which may be preferred in some cases the guidingy bars 1l may extend at Instead of using a blind for closing l0 I may use a swingable shutter 18, as shown in Fig. l5, said shutter being held in closed position in any suitable manner as by handles 19 or the like.

The spraying means of my improved dish washing machine comprises according to the embodiment referred to a rising pipe l0 communicating with two tubular sprayers 8| and 82 disposed one Il above and the other l! below the basket 61 for taking up the dishes. The'sprayers 8i and l! are provided with nozzle-like openings 83, the nozzles of the sprayer Il being directed downwardly and those of the sprayer 82 upwardly so as to effectually spray the dishes from two opposite sides.

According to Fig. l2 which is a longitudinal sectional view of one of the sprayers, e. g. 8|. through a nomle t3 therein, said nozzle may be formed by punching a hole irs-the wall of the sprayer and bending the material around the hole outwardly in a gentle curve to permit the liquid to pass'onto the hole without appreciable re-` `by means of required tools introduced through said opening which is plugged-up or closed as by soldering or welding, when the nozzle vis formed.

In addition to the spraying device Il, l2, BI my-improved dish washing machine may be provided with means for rinsing the dishes, when the spraying operation is completed. Incthe embodimentreferred to said rinsing meanscoxn prises a pipe disposed below the partition I0 and bent in U-form to encircle the strainer 5I in said partition 50, e. g. on three sides thereof. 'Ihe rlnsingpipe 85 is. provided with nozzles protruding through the partition and is supplied with rinsingliquid from any source of such liquid, e. g. through a supply pipe 84. In the embodiment shown a pipe 6s is adapted to be connected with'an ordinary pressure water pipe line. e. g. for warm water, a three-waycock B9 being inserted'in said pipe connecting same either with the pipe 84 or with an intake pipe |09 forfilling the machine with warm water at the beginning of the washing operation. In case of the pressure in the pipe 89 being insumciently high 'a pump ll may be arranged in the conduit Il as will be more fully described later on.

In Fig. 13 I have shown a preferred embodi-4 ment of a rinsing liquid nomia It, said nozzle consisting of a nut-shaped body to be screwed into a threaded hole in the rinsing pipe 85 and having outlet openings 4Il directedagainst each other so as to cause the jets discharged from said the opening openings to meet each other and to be dispersed into a fine drizzle.

Before more fully describing the spraying and rinsing means I will first describe in detail the motor 46 and the pumps 53 and 33 as well as their driving connections.

Referring more particularly to Fig. 7 the electric motor 46 is resiliently mounted in its protecting casing 43 in the following manner. At its lower end the casing 43 is provided with a collar` 90 having an inwardly bent flange 9| serving as support for a packing ring 92 preferably consisting of soft resilient material. Bearing onto the upper surface of said packing ring 92 is ya guiding sleeve 93 shaped as a nut and threaded onto a bearing sleeve 94 which extends through the opening formed ,by the iange 9| The electric motor 46 rests on the upper edge of the guiding sleeve 93, a bearing stud 95 formed on the motor casing extending into a central opening in the bearing sleeve 94 so as to ensure centering of the motor.

As already mentioned the protecting casing 43 rests with its shoulder 44 on the cover 3| or the pressed-up portion thereof, the lid 45 of the casing being secured to the cover by means of screws 96 threaded into a reinforcing ring 91 on the inside of the rim of the opening 42. Secured to the inside of the lid is a socket 99 and secured to said socket 93 and to the motor housing 46 in a recess 99 at the upper end thereof is a spring, e. g. a spiral spring, 00 to which the motor is suspended. The upper end of the spring coil |00 is rigidly secured to the lid in any sutable manner such as by being soldered to the inner Wall of the socket 98. The lower end of the spring |00 is provided with a coil of increased diameter which engages a shoulder on the wall of the recess 99 of the motor housing 46, so that this housing is suspended by the spring |00 which in turn is secured to the lid 45. In order to direct cooling air through the motor a sleeve |0| is provided in the upper part of the casing 43, said sleeve |0| bearing on a shoulder |02 on the motor housing and having an upper transverse wall |03 bearing on the lid 45. Cooling air enters through openings |04 in the lid and openings |05 in the wall' |03, flows through the usual upper and lower vent holes |06 and |01 in the motor housing, circulates around said housing and escapes through other openings |03 in the lid 45.

By means of the spring |00 and the resilient packing ring 92 the motor will be resiliently mounted within the protecting casing 43 preventing vibrations inthe motor from bei-ng transmitted to the machine casing. By this-means the motor will operate very silent as no resonance occurs in the machine casing which would be the case, if the motor was rigidly mounted therein.

As stated above the opening 55 in the partition serves to take up the pump 56 for circulating the washing liquid, said pump being inserted in said opening withy some play. Referring more particularly to Fig. 8 this pump is of the self-suction and rotary type consisting of a blade wheel ||0 rotatably mounted within a pump housing designated by the s ame numeral 53 which has been used above to denote the pump as a whole. The blade wheel I3 is formed to provide the tubular inlet pipe 51 above referred to which extends into the washing liquid contained in the reseptacle 33. The blade wheel ||0 is secured at the lower end of a pump shaft III extending upwardly and connected 'to the motor shaft '||2. On account of the rilient mounting of the motor in the casing 43 as above described a certain relative motion must be permitted between said shafts ||2. Fbr this reason the shafts are connected with each other by a flexible coupling (see Fig. 7) consisting of a coupling sleeve |I3 having two opposed end holes ||6 of angular cross section. Correspondingly shaped end portions ||4 and ||3 of the motor shaft ||2 and the pump shaft respectively, engage said holes, preferably with a certain play to permit the required relative movement of the shafts to effect centering of the motor shaft ||2, or the coupling sleeve ||3 may .consist of any suitable resilient material to allow such a movement.

The pump casing 36 is connected to a pipe |23 surrounding the pump shaft III. The sleeve |23 carries at its upper end a bearing sleeve |2| (see Fig. 7) having an upper outwardly extending end flange |22 which together with an inwardly extending end flange |23 of the bearing sleeve 34 serve as races for a ball bearing |24. In order to prevent water sprinkles from entering said ball bearing |24 a packing ring |25 of soft material may be provided between said bearing and a washer |26 kept in position by a collar |21 on the sleeve 94. To effect centering of the shaft in the'pipe |20 a ball bearing |23 may be providedin the sleeve |2I.

At its lower end (see Fig. 8) the protecting pipe I 20 is, by means of a nut |30, rigidly connected to a socket I3| which by means of screws |32 is rigidly connected to another socket |33 secured to the pump casing 33. 'I'he sockets |32, |33 form together a carrier for a ball bearing |34 in which the pump shaft is journalled. A packing |35 may be arranged between the hub |36 of the blade wheel ||0 and the socket |33. Any washing liquid which may enter the small play |31 between the blade wheel ||0 and the pump casing 53, especially at the pressure side of the pump, is discharged through small drain holes |33 in said wheel. To relieve the packing |35 of super-pressure and to prevent washing liquid from entering the bearing a pipe |33 is provided connecting the packing with'the interior of the machine casing.

The rising pipe 30 of the spraying device is connected to the pressure side of the pump 33 to supply the sprayers 3|, 32 with any suitable washing liquid which escapes through the noz- 4zles 33 therein spraying the dishes in the basket 61, the liquid being collected in the receptacle 33 and then sucked up by the pump 53 and supplied to the sprayers and so on in circulation. To

ensure an effective spraying action the sprayers 3|, 32 are adapted to swing to and fro in relation to the dishes, the swinging motion being eifected in any suitable manner to be described later on. In the embodiment shown the rising pipe 33 of the spraying device is rigidly connected with the Dump casing 53, and. consequently, said pump casing partakes in said swinging motion. such motion being permitted by the pipe |23 carrying said pump casing being movably iournalled in the ball bearing |24 as above described. By allowing the pump casing 33 to partake in the oscillating motion `of the spraying device ,all kinds of packings are avoided. To guide the pump casing 53 in this oscillating motion a collar |43 may be secured to the underside thereof, said collar being journalled in a stirrup-shaped frame |43' secured to the partition 33 as shown in Fig, 6.

Asstatedaboveapmnp llisinsertedinthe supply pipe 34 for the rinsing liquid. In the embodimentreferredto (seel'ig. 3) thispumpisof the self-suction type having a rotating piston |33 mounted eocentrically in a pump casing designatedbythesamenumeral ltwhichisused above to denote. saidpump as a whole, said pump casing 55 being supported by a stirrup-shaped frame |52 secured to the frame |45 (see Fig.. 5). `As this pump for rinsing liquid should operate alternately with the pump 56 .for the circulating washing liquid, I provide means to connect these pumps so as to automatically start the pump 55 for rinsing liquid, when the pump 55 for washing liquid is stopped. To this end the shaft |55 of the pump 55 has an extension |54 of angular, e. g. square cross section, and mounted on said extension so as to be displaceable vertically but not rotatable thereon is a coupling member |55 of such dimensions as to be capable tocover the inlet pipe 51 of the circulation pump 55. When the circulation pump 55 is operating, the coupling member |55 has a tendency of being displaced upwardly under the action of the suction in said inlet pipe 51 so as to be brought into engagement with the outer edge of said pipe either by friction alone or by projections |55 on the coupling member |55 engaging corresponding notches in the inlet pipe resulting in the rotary piston |50 of the pump 55 being coupled to the pump shaft Iii, while simultaneously the supply of washing liquid to the circulation pump 55 is cut ofi'.` During this'upward movement of the coupling member |55 the piston |50 will be gradually set in rotation on account of the projections |55 acting as screw blades actuated by the rotating column of liquid in the inlet 51 thus facilitating the engagement of the coupling member with said inlet.

'In order to prevent actuation of the coupling member |55 during such periods when no rinsing is to take place I provide means to lock said member in its lower position, said means comprising an arm I 50 (see Figs. 3 and 6) mounted in overlying relationship to said coupling member |55 and secured to a vertical spindle |5| which is rotatably mounted e. g. in the frame |52 and the rear side wall 30 of the machine casing. Se-

cured to the upper end of said spindle 5| is an arm |52 carrying two stops |55 (see also Fig. '1)'. Aspindle |54 journalled in the front and rear walls of the machine casing has a crank-shaped portion |55 adapted to be brought into engagement with either of said stops |55. Mounted on the end of the spindle 54 protruding through the front wall of the .machine casing is a manoeuvring member, e. g. hand-wheel |55 4or the like (see also Fig. l) adapted to be adjusted from.

the exterior of the machine so as to move the arm |50 into and out of engagement with the coupling member |55.

When connecting the supply pipe 54 for rinsing liquid to asource supplying such liquid underpressure, e. g. an ordinary water pipe line, the pump 55 may be omitted, the lcoupling member |55 being replaced by a valve in the conduit 54 adapted to be actuated in the same manner by the suction in As shown in Fig. 3 only the surface between the diverging portion of the branch 5|2 in the one end position of the sprayer and the corresponding portion of the branch 5|1 in the other end position is not subjected to the action of the washing liquid, but by modifying the shape of the sprayers and suitably adapting said shape to the location of the swinging axis, in this case the axis of the pipe |20, this surface may be ref duced to a minimum or wholly eliminated. In

Fig. 16 a modification is shown in which the axis of the pipe |20 and that of the rising pipe 50 are so located in relation to each other that the jetsvfrom the sprayer 5| willspray the entire basket 51.

I will now describe the special manner of efi'ecting oscillation of the spraying device as applied to the `embodiment referred to,'reference being made especially to Figs. 3 to 5, inclusive. The branch pipes 8|1 and 5|2 are united at' their free ends, e. g. by welding, and open into a common outlet pipe |10 ending in a nozzle |1|. Secured to the branch pipes at thecrutch therebetween is a small tube |12I'serving as bearing for a U-shaped change-over member |13 having small studs |14 engaging said tube and an inwardly curved V-shaped plate |15 secured to the web of the U. Stops |15 on the pipe |10 serve to limit the swinging motion of the member |15.`

'will be shifted by a stopsecured to the machine casing, causing the jet to be deflected in opposite direction so as to reverse the direction of movement of the spraying device; Preferably said stops or buffers are. adapted to ensure a soft striking of the member y|13 thereagainst, e. g.

consisting of a head |5| secured at the outer end of a helical spring |15 guided by a pin |15 secured to the machine casing (see especially Fig. 3.) a

The electric coupling connections of the'motor 45 are illustrated only diagrammatically. |50 (see Fig. 7) denotes an ordinary socket serving to connect the motor `45 with'any suitable source of electric current and |5| a switch (see also Fig. 6) to close and open the electric circuit. Preferably this switch is adapted to be manipulated from the exterior of the machine, and for this reason I provide a double-armedvlever |52 pivotally mounted on ak pin |53 secured, for instance, to a lug |54 of the reinforcing ring 01. Provided in the upper arm of the lever |52 is a notch |55 embracing theadjusting arm |55 of the switch |8l.

Pivoted to the free end of the lower arm of the lever |52 is one end of a link |51 movably connected at its other end to a crank |55 secured to a spindle |59 which is journalled in the front and rear walls ofthe machine casing (see also Fig., 3). At its end protruding through the front wally of the casing the spindle |55 carries a manoeuvring member e. g. a handwheel |50. By rotating the4 spindle |59 in the one or other direction the circuit rof the motor will, evidently,` be closed or opened. `In order to assemble themanoeuvring means of themachine at one and the same place the adjusting means for the switch |8| may be so arranged as to permit the hand-wheel to be located adjacent the hand-wheel |66 controlling the rinsing pump 88. It may be observed, however, that the two hand-wheels |66 and 90 may be situated at another place or at different places, if corresponding changes are made in the motion transmitting means.

Although the operation of the embodiment of my improved dish washing and rinsing machine above described ought to be clear without further explanation I will give a short recapitulation oi the manner in which the machine is operating. In the position of rest of the machine vthe hand-wheel |90 occupies the position corresponding to disconnected switch |0| and the handwheel |66 the position corresponding to locking position of the arm |60. Further the valve 89 is closed and the valve 60 occupies the position in which the over-flow pipe 59 communicates with the discharge 6|'. The valve 89 is opened to connect the intake pipe |09 with the supply pipe 69 for lling the receptacle 33 with warm water, e. g. up to the level v of the over-flow pipe 59 (see Fig. 8). Any suitable washing agent as for instance soap may, of course, be added tothe water. The dishes to be washed are placed in the basket 61 and the blind 1| is closed. Then the handwheel |90 is turned in the direction to close the switch |8| and to switch-in-the motor 46. Thereby the pump 56 is brought into operation causing washing liquid to be circulated from the receptacle 33 through the rising pipe 80, sprayers 8|, 82, nozzles 83 and back to the receptacle 33 after having sprayed the dishes. On account of the jet of washing liquid from the nozzle |1| being deflected by the change-over device the spraying device 80, 8|, 82 together with the pump casing 56 are brought to oscillate around the axis of pipe |20 in the manner set forth, i. e. around an axis parallel to and approximately coinciding with the pump shaft When the spraying operation is completed, the valve 89 for rinsing liquid (usually clear water) is opened and the valve 60 is adjusted into the position in which the outlet pipe 58 communicates with `the discharge pipe 6|. Then the hand-wheel |66 is turned into the position to disengage the arm |60 from the coupling member |55 which by the action of the suction in the inlet pipe 51 is sucked up into engagement with said pipe causing the rinsing liquid pump 88 to be set into operation while simultaneously cutting oif the supply of washing liquid to the circulation pump 56. Washing and rinsing liquids escape through the discharge pipe 6|. When the dishes are suillciently rinsed, the motor 46 is stopped by turning the hand-wheel |90 into the position to open the switch 8|. The basket 61 with the dishes are removed from the machine which is then ready for a new operation after the hand-wheel |66 and the valves 60 and 89 having been restored to starting positions Referring nowto the embodiment oi my invention illustrated in Figs. i7 and 18 the machine casing which is mainly square incross section comprises a framework of corner posts or bars 208, preferably of angularly'bent sheet iron, to which the walls of the casing are se- Cured, e. g. by screwing. The posts 200 may form legs 20| forl the machine having feet which latter may be adjustable, e. g. consist of bolts 202 threaded into lugs 283 of the' legs.

Provided within the machine casing are anl upper partition 204 and a lower partition 205 dividing the casing into three compartments, viz. an upper compartment 206 for an electric motor 201, an intermediate compartment 208 serving as spraying chamber for the dishes and a lower compartment 209 forming a vreceptacle for the washing liquid. Consequently, also in this embodiment a sub-division of the machine casing is applied of the same kind as described with reference to the rst embodiment. 'I'he upper partition 204 is preferably non-perforated to protect the motor against water sprinkles from the spraying compartment 208.

Arranged close to the bottom of the receptacle 209 is a pump 2|| for the circulation of washing liquid, said pump being driven bythe electric motor 201 by means of a shaft 2|2 extending vertically through the machine casing. Rigidly connected to a casing 2|3 for said pump is a vertical rising pipe 2|4 having two horizontally extending sprayers 2|5, 2|6 communicating therewith and arranged in the upper and lower part, respectively, of the spraying compartment 208. The sprayers 2|5, 2|6 are each provided with a plurality of nozzles 2|1 for spraying the dishes, which are placed in a basket 2|9 or the like supported by a suitable rack 2|8 secured to the machine frame.

The lower partition 205 comprises a non-perforated portion 223 and a perforated portion 224 forming a strainer box, e. g.' of semi-circular cross-section as shown in Fig. 18, the non-perforated portion being inclined towards said strainer box so as to cause a rapid ow oi' the Washing liquid towards same. Mounted within said strainer box 224 which may be integral with or more or less permanently secured to the nonperforated portion 223 of the partition 205 is a removable strainer box 225, a pressed-up projection 226 of the bottom of the stationary strainer holding said removable strainer box at a certain distance from said bottom. The nonperforated portion 223 of the partition 205 has an extended portion 221 adapted to guide the washing liquid into the strainer box 225. The liquid circulated by the pump 2|| from the receptacle 209 through the rising pipe 2|4 and the sprayers 2|5, 2|6 returns t0 said receptacle through the strainer boxes 224, 225 passing first through the removable strainer 225 and then through the stationary strainer 224. By removing the strainer box 225 Ywaste collected therein may be removed also during the operation of the machine, the stationary strainer 224 serving as illtering means, when the strainer 225 is removed.

The machine is also provided with means to supply rinsing liquid, usually clear water. said means comprising a supply conduit 238 having a valve 23| and communicating with rinsing pipes 232, above and below the basket 2|8, respectively,

said pipes being provided with nozzles 238, e. g. of

the type shown in Fig. 13.

The washing liquid may be removed from the receptacle 209 through a hole 234 in the bottom thereof, vsaid hole being normally kept closed by a valve body 235 having a pipe 236 passing therethrough which serves as an over-W for the liquid in the receptacle 209. 'I'he outlet hole 234 may be opened by tilting the valve body 235, e. g. by exerting a pull in a link 231 secured thereto and accessible from the exterior of the machine, which link4 may have a notch 233 or the like to lock the valve body 235 in opened position.

Also in this embodiment the sprayers 2li, 2| perform an oscillating movement during operatherein, e. g. the outermost nozzle 2|1 of thek 1 upper sprayer 2I5, said shaft having a crankshaped end portion 242. Rigidly secured to the shaft 24| between said brackets 245 is a wing 243 movable between stop pins 244 provided on the clines in the brackets from a position in which the wing 243 forms an angie ofinclination with the vertical line through the nozzle 2|1 at the one side ofl said line to a position in which the wing 243 intical line. Evidently, the jet from the nozzle 2|1 will be deflected by the disk 243 so as to cause vthe spraying device by the reactive force created thereby to move ina direction opposite vto the direction of flow of the deflected jet. Stops 245 secured to the machine casing will cause the above-said adjustment of the disk 243, when the crank 2424 strikes against same, thereby causing the movement of the spraying device to be reversed. l

The spraying compartment 255 may be shut or cut oi! by a shutter, screen, blind or the like which may be adapted to be opened and closed by being connected 'to a driving member adapted to be set into operation by any suitable manoeuvring means. The adjustment of such a shutter or the like may take place mechanically from any movable part of the machine, e. g. the driving motor 251 or the pump shaft 2|2, or hydraulically orffpneumaticaily.

An example of such means `for opening and closing a shutter 255 for the spraying compart- -ment 255 is shown in dotted linesin Fig. 18, av

detail of said means being illustrated on an en- I larged scale in Fig. 21. The shutter 255 is displaceable up and down in suitable guidances 25| secured to corresponding posts 255 of the machine casing. Secured to the shutter 255 is one end of a wire 252 or the like which passes over guiding rollers 253 and at its other end is secured to a rod 254 of a piston 255 movable in alcylinder 255.

A conduit 251 connects the cylinder space above the piston 255 with a valve, e. gl a threeway cock 255, adapted to connect said conduit 2.51 either with a supply pipe 255 for pressure liquid, e. g. an vordinary water pipe line, or with a discharge pipe 25|.

255 is connected with the pressure conduit 2,55

causing said piston to be pressed downwardly7 shutter. t'

The setting of the valve 255 may take place by a handle or the 1ike,'e. g. two push buttons 252 arranged together with other manoeuvrlng means, for instance a switch 253 for'the electric motor, etc., on one of the corner posts 255 of the machine casing, preferably assembled on a common board 254. 'Ihe buttons 252 actuate each an arm 255 of a three-armed lever mounted on opposite direction towards said ver- When it is desired to open the shutter 255 the cylinder spacel abover the piston a pin 251 on the machine casing and having its third arm 255 pivoted to the upper end of a push rod 215 which in turn is connected to an arm 21| a rigidly secured to the spindle of th valve 255.

By pushing one of the buttons 252 inwards the valve 255 will be shifted so as to bring the cylinder space above the piston 255 into communication with either the pressure conduit 255 or the discharge pipe 25|.

In the vtwo embodiments of my invention above described the oscillatory motion of the spraying device is eected in hydraulic way by utilizing the reactive force created by a jet of liquid having a direction'oblique to plane of oscillation of the spraying device. Asalready stated, this movement of the spraying device may, however,

also be effected in a mechanical way. an embodiment ofy a dish washing machine accordingv to my invention working on this principle being shown .in Fig. 22. In this figure all parts ofthe machine except the spraying device and the driving means therefor are omitted for the sake of simplicity.

According to this embodiment the machine casing comprises a box-shaped container of rectangular form having a bottom 215, side walls 215 and a cover 211' hinged to one of said side walls. The bottom 215 has a pressed-up portion 215 in which an electric motor 215 is lc cated, connected by means of a shaft 255 to a rotary pump 25| which by means of an inlet 252 communicates with the interior of the casing. The spraying device comprises a lower horizontal spray pipe 253 communicating by means of an upwardly extending pipe'255 with an upper horizontal spray pipe 255. the pipes 253 and 255 being each provided with a plurality of suitable spray nozzles 251. At its end adjacent the pump 25| the lower pipe 255 is journalled in and communicates with the outlet pipe 255 of the pump.

The means for transmitting vmotion to the spraying device comprises a shaft 255 journalled in lugs 25| of the motor 215 and having at`its end adjacent the pump an arm 2,52 secured thereto, said arm being by means of a link `253 pivotally connected to a crank 294 secured to the lower spray pipe 253. `Secured to the other end of the shaft 255 is a crank 255 pivotally connected by means of a link 255 to a pin 291 secured eccentrlcally to la disk 255 ixed to the slowest rotating shaft of a gearing for reducing the speed of the motor 219, said gearing A,being shown in the gure only by its casing 299.

The operation of the machine will be clear lwithout further explanation. The dishes placed in a suitable rack, for instance a basket (not shown) between the upper and lower spray pipes 253 and 255 are sprayed by oscillating jets from two opposite sides, the upper vsprayer 255 performing a movement from the position shown by full lines to that shown by dotted lines, whereas the lower sprayer is rotated to and fro around its own longitudinal axis. Consequently,

the swinging axis of the spraying device coincides ducing the speed of the pump 3| I.

without further description that in operation the the spraying device comprises a vertical rising pipe 30|, located centrally of the machine casing 302 which may be circular in cross section, said rising pipe 30| having its lower portion formed to provide a casing 303 for a rotary pump driven by an electric motor 304 placed outside the casing below the bottom thereof. Branched oi! from the rising pipe 30| above and below a support or supports 305 for a dish carrier, respectively, are hollow spray arms 306. Jets from nozzles 301 in said spray arms and, if desired, also in the rising pipe 30| spray the dishes from three diii'erent directions. 'I'he spraying device comprising the spray arms 300 and the rising pipe 30| may be oscillated in any of the manners above described, e. g. hydraulically or mechanically. 'I'he oscillatory movement of the spraying device may be such as to cause reverse of the movement iirst when the device has been rotated through more than 360.

In Fig. an embodiment oi' my invention is shown in which the spraying device is stationary, the required oscillation of the jets being efi'ected by rockable deiiecting members operated from a movable part of the machine. According to this embodiment the machine is supported on wheels 3|0 to facilitate its transport. A pump 3I| has an inlet pipe 3 I 2 communicating with the interior of the machine casing 3|3 at a suitable low level and an outlet pipe 3|4 communicating with upper and lower spray pipes 3| 5 having nozzles or openings 3|0 (see Figs. 26 and 27). Surrounding each of the spray pipes is a tubular screen 3I`I having a longitudinal slit 3| 0 in front of the openings in the spray pipe and end walls 3I3 in which said pipe is mounted so as to permit rotation of the screen 3|`|. Secured to each of said screens 3|1 at the end thereof adjacent the pump 3II is an arm 320, e. g. made integral with the corresponding end wall 3I3, said arm being at its i'ree end pivotally connected by means of a link 32| to one arm of a bell crank lever 322 iixed to a pin 323 journalled in the machine casing. Secured to the same pin 323 is a link 324 movably connected by means of rod 325 to a crank arm 323 ilxed to the slowest rotating shaft of a gearing 321 for re- It is clear jets from the nozzles 3IS will perform an oscillatory motion on account of their deection by the screens 3|Iwhich are rocked to and fro between two end positions by the motion transmitting means described above.

The object of Fig. 28 is to show that the circulation pump instead of being driven by an electric motor or the like may be driven manually, said pump which may be oi any suitable hand operated type being operated by means of 'the handle 330.

In Fig. 29 a machine according to my invention is shown in which also the pump is omitted, the spraying of the dishes being effected by clean water supplied from an ordinary pressure.water pipe line. The spraying device comprises upper andflower sprayers 33| and 332, respectively, .connected with each other by a rising pipe 333, said spraying device Ibeing movably mounted in an upper bearing 334 and a lowerbearing 333 formed as an inlet and connected by a conduit, e. g. a iiexible tube 336, with a source oi pressure liquid, e. g. a pressure water cock 331. The casing is provided with a valve controlled outlet 333 for the water. The oscillating movement of the spraying device may be eiiected in the manner described by utilising the reactive force of a water jet At last a view oi an embodiment of my invention is shown in Fig. in which the spraying device performs a rectilinear oscillatory or reciproeating motion. According to this figure the spraying device consists of a tubular frame 340 of substantially rectangular shape journalled by means of upperand lower bearing sleeves 34| in pairs of upper and lower rods 342 extending be-l tween and secured to front and rear walls of the machine casing 343. The tubular frame 340 is provided with nozzles or openings 344 distributed along its upper and lower horizontal sides, or in substitution therefor or complementary thereto with nozzles and openings distributed along its vertical sides. The machine may be adapted for circulation of a washing liquid for which purpose it may be provided with a suitablepump driven manually or by a motor substantially as described with reference to the preceding embodiments, and the oscillatory or reciprocating movement may be imparted to the spraying device either in mechanical way or hydraulically as likewise set forth in the above description. According to the ngure washing liquid is supplied to the spraying device 340 from a supply pipe 343, e. g. an ordinary water pipe line, through a hose 343 so as to permit displacement of the spraying device from the position shown in full lines to that shown in dotted lines. Evidently I may use any other. movable connection between the spraying device and the supply pipe.

It is to be observed that the embodiments above described and shown in the accompanying drawings are only illustrative and may be modified in several respects, especially with regard to appliances. without departing from the principle o! my invention.

What I claim is:-

1. In a dish washingmachine having a casing and a rack for supporting the dishes, two interconnected spray nozzle pipes each on one of two opposite sides oi' the rack, means to supply a washing liquid to said pipes, means automatically to impart to the pipes an oscillatory motion, said means comprising a movable deiiecting member mounted on one of said spray pipes in front of a nozzle therein for directing the jet fromsaid nozzle obiiquely to the direction of oscillation of the pipes so as to cause the pipes to be moved by the reactive force oi' said jet, and means on the casing adapted to change the inclination ot said deiiecting member so as to reverse the direction of oscillation oi the pipes.

2. In a dish washing machine having a casing and a rack for supporting the dishes, a spray nozzle pipe for spraying the dishes in the rack. a

pump to supply a washing liquid thereto, a

housing for said pump rigidly connected to said spray nozzle pipe, and means to impart an oscillatory motion to said pump housing and pipe.

3. In a dish washing machine having a casing and a rack for supporting the dishes, a spray nozzle pipe iorsprayingthe dishesintherack, a

rising pipe rigidly connected with said spraynozzle pipe and communicating therewith, a pump comprising a rotary member to supply a washing liquid to said rising pipe, a housing i'or said pump 4. In a dish washing machine having a casing and a rack for supporting the dishes, a spray nozzle pipe for spraying the dishes in the rack, a rising pipe arranged centrally within the casing and rigidly connected to the spray nozzle pipe to communicate therewith, a pump to supply a washing liquid to said rising pipe, a housing for said pump formed central rising pipe, and means to impartI to said housing 'and pipe anfoscillatory motion.

5. In a dish washing machine having a casing, means to circulate a liquid within said casing for washing dishes therein, said means comprising a spraying device, a pump arranged at the bottom of said casing for feeding washing liquid to said spraying device, a shaft for said pump extending upwardly therefrom, a motor arranged at the top. of the casing, a shaft for said '.notor extending downwardly in vertical alignment with the pump shaft, a housing for the motor, means resiliently to support the motor by said housing and a iiexiblecoupling between said shafts.

6. In a dish washing machine having a casing comprising a top wall, means to circulate a liquid within said casing for washing dishes therein, said means comprising a spraying device, a pump for feeding washing liquid to said spraying device and a lmotor for driving said pump', an opening in said top wall, said machine casing comprising said rotary member,

a housing for the motor protruding through said opening and adapted to prevent liquid sprinkles from coming into contact with the motor, and means resiliently to mount the motor in said housing. s

'1. In a dish washing machinehaving a casing and a cover therefor, means to circulate a liquid within said casing' for washing dishes therein, said means comprising a spraying devioe,a pump for feeding washing liquid to said spraying device and a motor for driving said pump, an opening in said cover, said casing comprising a liquidtight housing for the motor'protruding through said opening, a resilient member at the lower end of said housing and resilient means to support the motor by said housing.

8. In a dish washing machine having a casing, means to circulate a liquid within said casing for washing dishes therein, saidmeans comprising a spraying device, a pump having a housing and a rotary member therein for feeding washing liquid to said spraying device, and a motor for driving rigidly connected to said pump housing, and means to osciliate said pump housing and spraying device.

9. In a dish washing machine having a casing.. means to circulate a liquid within' said casing for washing dishes therein, said means comprising a spraying device, a pump having a housing and a rotary member therein for feeding washing liquid to said spraying device and a motor for driving said rotary member, said spraying device being rigidly connected to said pump housing, means rotatably to suspend said pump housing from said motor and means to oscillate said pump housing and spraying device. m

l0. In a dish washing machine having a casing, means to circulate a liquid within said casing for washing dishes therein, said means comprising a spraying device, a pump having a pump housing rigidly connected with saidspraying device and a rotary member in said housing for feeding washing liquid tovk the spraying device, and a motor, a shaft connecting the motor with said rotary member, a sprinkle-tight housing for by the lower portion of said,

saidy spraying device being said motor, a pipe surrounding said shaft and rotatably mounted in being connected to the pump housing, and means to impart an oscillatory motion to said pump housing and said spraying device.

11. rn a dish washing and rinsing machine navling a casing, means to' circulate said casing for washing dishes therein, said means comprising a spraying device, a pump for feeding washing liquid to said spraying device and a motor for driving the pump, said pump comprising.

and. having an inlet rigidly connected thereto,

Vmeans to supply liquid for rinsing the dishes,

having a casing, means to circulate a liquid Withy the motor housing, said pipe Y a liquid Within -pump housing, a member rotatable in said housing. y

in said casing for washing dishes therein, said 'i means comprising a spraying device, a pump for feeding washing liquid to said spraying device and a motor for driving the pump, said pump having a pump housing, a member rotatable in said housing and an inlet rigidly connected with said rotatable member, a rotary pump to supply liquid for rinsing the dishes, a coupling member connected to said rinsing liquid pump and adapted under the action of suction in the inlet of the washing liquid pump to be coupled to said inlet so as to rotate therewith, and means operable from the exterior of the machine normally to hold said coupling member out of engagement with said inlet.

13. In a dish washing machine, a casing comprising a top portion, a bottom portion and an intermediate portion, said top and bottom portions haying each a pressed-up part, said pressedup parts beingof such similar shape as to permit their manufacture by one and the same pressing tool, means to circulate a liquid within said casing for washing dishestherein, said means comprising a spraying device and a pump for feeding washing liquid to said spraying device, means in the pressed-up part of the casing top portion for resiliently mounting the motor, and an inlet for said pump protruding into the pressed-up part of the casing bottom portion.

14. In a dish washing machine, a casing' comprising a shell having a wall at its bottom includinga strainer, a. removable receptacle embracing the shell at the bottom thereof and a cover closing the top end of the shell, means to circulate a liquid within the casing for washing dishes therein, said means comprising a spraying device 4above said wall and a pump for feeding washing liquid from said receptacle to said spraying device. Y y l5. A dish washing machine having a casing mainly shaped as a parallelepiped and lhaving an opening of mainly rectangular shape for introducing and removing the dishes, a spraying device within said casing and' comprising spacedl spray nozzle pipes swingable to and fro on each of two opposite sides of the space to be occupied a pump to supply a washing liquid thereto, a housing for said pump rigidly connected to said n tion to said Dump pipes, and ixed means operatively associated with spray nomle pipe,

1:imeimeansiorimpns'tingum- 18.1nadish ousing and pi 17. Ina dishwashingmachinehavingacasing and means for supporting the dishes, a spray pipe above said supporting means. another spray pipe below said supporting means, a pump to supply a washing liquid to said pi pip being movable about a vertical axis, autosaid spray pipes, said automatic ing a nozzle having a movable ecting member, said nozzle the pump and operatively connected to the spray washingmschinehavingacasing operatively consaid deecting member for moving the same so as alternately to deect the liquid passing through spray pipes, and 

